A Muscle Building Obsession in Boys: What to Know and Do
By the time boys are 8 or 10 years old, they are full of Marvel action heroes with bulging, oversized muscles and rock-hard abs. As teenagers, they are inundated with social media streams of crowded male bodies. The underlying messages about power and worth cause many boys to worry and wonder how they can keep up. Sometimes negative thoughts and worries even interfere with daily life, a mental health problem known as body dysmorphic disorder or body dysmorphia. The most common form of this in boys is muscle dysmorphia. What is Muscle Dysmorphia? Muscle dysmorphia is characterized by a preoccupation with a muscular and slim body. While the more extreme...

A Muscle Building Obsession in Boys: What to Know and Do
By the time boys are 8 or 10 years old, they are full of Marvel action heroes with bulging, oversized muscles and rock-hard abs. As teenagers, they are inundated with social media streams of crowded male bodies.
The underlying messages about power and worth cause many boys to worry and wonder how they can keep up. Sometimes negative thoughts and worries even interfere with daily life, a mental health problem known as body dysmorphic disorder or body dysmorphia. The most common form of this in boys is muscle dysmorphia.
What is Muscle Dysmorphia?
Muscle dysmorphia is characterized by a preoccupation with a muscular and slim body. While the more extreme behaviors that define this disorder only occur in a small percentage of boys and young men, they can influence the way many others think.
Almost a quarter of boys and young men are involved in some form Muscle building behavior. “About 60% of boys in the United States report changing their diet to become more muscular,” says Dr. Gabriela Vargas, director of the institute Young Men's Health website at Boston Children's Hospital. “Although this may not meet the diagnostic criteria for muscle dysmorphia disorder, it affects many young men.”
“There is a social norm that equates muscularity with masculinity,” adds Dr. Vargas added. "Even Halloween costumes for 4- and 5-year-old boys now have padding for six-pack abs. There are constant rumors that this is what their bodies should look like."
Does body dysmorphic disorder differ in boys and girls?
For a long time it was assumed that body dysmorphia was the preserve of girls eating disorders like anorexia or bulimia. Technically, muscle dysmorphia is not an eating disorder. But it’s much more common – and insidious – in men.
“The general perception is that body dysmorphia only affects girls and is not a male problem,” says Dr. Vargas. “For this reason, these unhealthy behaviors are often overlooked in boys.”
What are the signs of body dysmorphia in boys?
Parents may find it difficult to tell whether their son is just a teenager or is heading into dangerous territory. Dr. Vargas advises parents to watch out for these warning signs:
- Deutliche Veränderung der körperlichen Routinen, z. B. der Übergang von einmal täglichem Training zu stundenlangem Training pro Tag.
- Nach reglementierten Trainingseinheiten oder Mahlzeiten, einschließlich der Einschränkung der Nahrungsaufnahme oder einer starken Konzentration auf proteinreiche Optionen.
- Unterbrechen Sie normale Aktivitäten, wie z. B. Zeit mit Freunden verbringen, um stattdessen Sport zu treiben.
- Sie machen zwanghaft Fotos von ihren Muskeln oder ihrem Bauch, um „Verbesserungen“ zu verfolgen.
- Mehrmals am Tag sich selbst wiegen.
- Sie kleiden sich, um einen muskulöseren Körper hervorzuheben, oder tragen weitere Kleidung, um ihren Körper zu verbergen, weil sie denken, dass das nicht gut genug ist.
“Almost everyone has been on a diet,” says Dr. Vargas. "The difference is persistence - they don't just try it for a week and then decide it's not for them. These boys do it for weeks to months and don't have the flexibility to change their behavior."
What health risks does muscle dysmorphia pose in boys?
Extreme behaviors can pose risks to physical and mental health.
For example, unregulated protein powders and supplements that boys use in hopes of building muscle quickly may be adulterated with stimulants or even anabolic steroids. “This increases the risk of strokes, heart palpitations, high blood pressure and liver damage,” notes Dr. Vargas.
Some boys also try to build muscle through a "bulk and cut" regimen, where periods of rapid weight gain follow periods of extreme calorie restriction. This can affect long-term muscle and bone development and lead to irregular heartbeat and lower testosterone levels.
“Even in the best-case scenario, consuming too much protein can cause severe intestinal distress such as diarrhea or kidney damage because our kidneys are not designed to filter out excessive amounts of protein,” says Dr. Vargas.
The psychological consequences can also be dramatic. Depression and suicidal thoughts are more common in malnourished people. This can occur when boys drastically reduce their calorie intake or neglect entire food groups. Additionally, if they try to achieve unrealistic ideals, they may constantly feel like they are not good enough.
How can parents promote healthy body image in boys?
These tips can help:
- Treffen Sie sich zum Familienessen. Zeitpläne können schwierig sein. Umfangreiche Untersuchungen zeigen jedoch, dass es sich positiv auf die körperliche und geistige Gesundheit auswirkt, wenn man beim Essen zusammensitzt, einschließlich einer größeren Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass Kinder das richtige Gewicht für ihren Körpertyp haben.
- Kommentieren Sie nicht die Körperform oder -größe. „Das ist viel leichter gesagt als getan, aber das betrifft Ihren eigenen Körper, den Ihres Kindes oder den anderer in der Gemeinschaft“, sagt Dr. Vargas.
- Stellen Sie fest, dass Ernährung und Bewegung sinnvoll für die Gesundheit sind. Wenn Sie mit Ihrem Sohn über Ihre Ernährung oder Ihr Trainingsprogramm sprechen, machen Sie die erhofften Ergebnisse nicht von der Körperform oder -größe abhängig.
- Kommunizieren Sie offen. „Wenn Ihr Sohn sagt, dass er mehr Sport treiben oder seine Proteinaufnahme erhöhen möchte, fragen Sie ihn, warum – für seine allgemeine Gesundheit oder für ein bestimmtes Körperideal?“
- Kaufen Sie keine Proteinpräparate. Für Jungen ist es schwieriger, sie zu bekommen, wenn die Eltern sie nicht ins Haus lassen. „Eine Alternative besteht darin, mit dem Hausarzt Ihres Sohnes oder einem Ernährungsberater zu sprechen, der eine gute Quelle für die Proteinaufnahme durch normale Lebensmittel sein kann“, sagt Dr. Vargas.
Source: Harvard University Cambridge