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Experimental therapeutic cancer vaccine results in significant tumor regression in mice
An experimental therapeutic cancer vaccine induced two distinct and desirable immune system responses that led to significant tumor regression in mice, report researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health. The researchers found that intravenous (IV) administration of the vaccine increases the number of cytotoxic T cells capable of infiltrating and attacking tumor cells and activates the innate immune system through the induction of type I interferon. The innate immune response modified the tumor microenvironment and counteracted suppressive forces that would otherwise suppress T cell activity. In mice that received the vaccine...
Experimental therapeutic cancer vaccine results in significant tumor regression in mice
An experimental therapeutic cancer vaccine induced two distinct and desirable immune system responses that led to significant tumor regression in mice, report researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health.
The researchers found that intravenous (IV) administration of the vaccine increases the number of cytotoxic T cells capable of infiltrating and attacking tumor cells and activates the innate immune system through the induction of type I interferon. The innate immune response modified the tumor microenvironment and counteracted suppressive forces that would otherwise suppress T cell activity. No change in the tumor microenvironment was observed in mice that received the vaccine via a needle injection into the skin (subcutaneous administration).
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The approach, dubbed “Vax-innate” by the scientific team, achieves an important goal in the search for more effective immunotherapeutic vaccines against cancer. The study shows that intravenous administration of the vaccine enables and enhances T cell immunity by overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppressive activity. The researchers say the vaccine candidate could also be administered intravenously to people who have already received tumor-specific T cells as therapy. It could also improve tumor control by increasing the number of T cells and changing the tumor microenvironment so they function better, the researchers note.
The experimental vaccine SNAPvax was developed by Robert Seder, MD, and colleagues at the NIAID Vaccine Research Center (VRC), along with collaborators at Vaccitech North America, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company in Baltimore, Maryland. Vaccitech announced plans to further develop the SNAPvax platform for use in the treatment of human papillomavirus-associated cancer in 2023.
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Reference:
Baharom, F., et al. (2022) Systemic vaccination induces CD8+ T cells and remodels the tumor microenvironment. Cell. doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.006.
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