Osteoporosis: prevention and therapy

Osteoporosis: prevention and therapy

Osteoporosis: prevention and therapy

Osteoporosis is a common disease of the bone system in which the bones lose mass and strength. This significantly increases the risk of fractures. In this specialist article we will look in detail at the options for preventing and treating osteoporosis.

What is Osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and changes in bone microarchitecture. This causes the bones to become weak and brittle. The disease often occurs in old age, with women particularly affected after menopause.

Causes of Osteoporosis

There are several factors that can contribute to the occurrence of osteoporosis:

1. Hormonal changes: Estrogen levels decrease after menopause in women, which leads to accelerated breakdown of bone tissue.
2. Genetic factors: A family history of osteoporosis can increase the individual risk.
3. Lifestyle factors: Lack of physical activity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and an unhealthy lifestyle can increase the risk of osteoporosis.
4. Medication: Long-term use of corticosteroids or thyroid hormones can lead to osteoporosis.
5. Malnutrition: Lack of calcium, vitamin D and other nutrients can affect bone health.

Prevention of osteoporosis

There are various measures that can help prevent osteoporosis:

1. Nutrition

A balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D is crucial for strong bones. Dairy products like milk, yogurt and cheese are good sources of calcium. Other foods such as green leafy vegetables, salmon and almonds also contain significant amounts of calcium. In addition, vitamin D plays an important role in the absorption of calcium in the body.

2. Active lifestyle

Regular physical activity is important for strong bones. Weight-bearing exercises such as walking, jogging, or dancing help increase bone density and slow the breakdown of bone tissue.

3. Avoiding harmful habits

Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of osteoporosis. It is recommended to limit or completely abandon these habits.

4. Control of risk factors

If certain factors increase a person's risk of osteoporosis (such as a family history or long-term use of corticosteroids), it is important to speak to a doctor about preventive measures and regular bone density measurements.

Therapy of osteoporosis

If osteoporosis has already been diagnosed or is at increased risk, there are various treatment options:

1. Medication

There are several medications used to treat osteoporosis. Some increase bone density while others reduce the risk of fractures. These should always be taken in consultation with a doctor.

2. Calcium and Vitamin D supplements

In some cases, supplements may be necessary to meet calcium and vitamin D needs.

3. Physiotherapy

Physical therapy can help improve muscle strength and balance, as well as guide specific exercises to reduce the risk of falls.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

Ask:Can osteoporosis be prevented?
Answer:Although it is not possible to completely prevent osteoporosis, measures such as a healthy diet and regular physical activity can help significantly reduce the risk.

Ask:When should I see a doctor?
Answer:It is recommended to see a doctor if you are at increased risk of osteoporosis or experience symptoms such as bone fractures for no apparent reason.

Ask:Is osteoporosis curable?
Answer:Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that cannot be completely cured. However, timely diagnosis and adequate treatment can slow disease progression and reduce the risk of fracture.

Conclusion

Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis plays a critical role in maintaining strong bones as we age. The risk can be significantly reduced by eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly and avoiding harmful habits. It is important to see a doctor early to take appropriate action and receive comprehensive information about treatment options. With the right strategies, we can improve our bone health and thereby prevent long-term complications from osteoporosis.