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Soft tissue sarcoma
Soft tissue sarcoma
Synovial sarcoma
Synovial sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that occurs in young adults near large joints, particularly the knee. Despite its name, it usually does not affect the inside of the joints, where synovial tissue and fluid are located.
The first sign of trouble is usually a deep-seated lump that may be tender or painful. Synovial sarcoma generally grows slowly. While these tumors can occur in young children, they generally develop in people between the ages of 15 and 40.
While synovial sarcoma can occur almost anywhere in the body, the most common locations are in the legs, arms, and throat.
diagnosis
Synovial sarcoma usually grows slowly, so it can take years before a final diagnosis is made. In some cases, synovial sarcoma is initially misdiagnosed as arthritis or bursitis.
Imaging techniques that may be helpful include:
- Einfaches Röntgen. In einigen Fällen sind große Bereiche des Tumors durch Verkalkungen markiert oder sogar umrissen. Viele synoviale Sarkome zeigen sich jedoch nicht auf Röntgenbildern.
- Computertomographie. CT-Scans sind oft hilfreich, um das Ausmaß des Tumors zu bestimmen.
- Magnetresonanztomographie. Ein MRT kann zeigen, inwieweit der Tumor benachbarte Weichteile wie Blutgefäße und Nerven beeinträchtigt.
A sample of the tumor can be taken with a needle and then examined under a microscope to determine the best treatment. Synovial sarcoma can be confused with other types of sarcomas, so a correct diagnosis depends on experienced pathologists.
Treatment
Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for synovial sarcoma. The goal is to remove the cancer and a rim of healthy tissue around it. This can sometimes mean removal of an entire muscle or group of muscles, or even amputation.
To reduce the chance of a recurrence, your doctor may suggest radiation therapy or chemotherapy in addition to surgery.
Sources:
- Goldblum JR, et al. Bösartige Weichteiltumore unklaren Typs. In: Weichteiltumoren von Enzinger und Weiss. 6. Aufl. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Saunders Elsevier; 2014. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Abgerufen am 29. August 2017.
- Hochberg MC, et al. Verschiedene Arthropathien. In: Rheumatologie. 6. Aufl. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Mosby Elsevier; 2015. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Abgerufen am 29. August 2017.